Advancements of Industry 4.0 has revolutionized manufacturing operations, among them predictive maintenance (PdM) acts as one of the most demanding approaches. It effectively optimizes maintenance schedules and ensures efficient and uninterrupted work. Article provides a comprehensive literature review, offering insights into theoretical foundations, historical developments, and practical applications of predictive maintenance. The methodology section explains the research approach in detail, focusing on the development of a MATLAB-based code to generate the predictive model in accordance with the remaining useful life of the machine. Exploration into the application of PdM is made through the establishment of Bayesian Inference model informed by Pearson correlation analysis. This study underscores the possibilities of predictive analytics in enhancing operational accuracy and effectivity across various industries. As the demand for reliable manufacturing processes continues to grow, the findings of this research offer insights into the development of advanced PdM strategies and achievement of operational excellence in terms of smart manufacturing.

Active use of immersive technologies in medicine. The development of IT leads to the emergence of new digital products that are actively used in medicine. Further development leads to the transfer of some medical services to the metaverse – the concept of Metahospital is formed. This article provides a systematic review of research to determine the prevalence and current state of the use of immersive technologies for the development of digital health products. Studies from leading scientific databases were reviewed. The results show that research interest in the use of immersive technologies in medicine has increased significantly over the past ten years, peaking during the pandemic. Immersive technologies are the most common types of technologies used in medicine for training, practical training, telemedicine, and diagnostics. In addition, our own software product is described – a coronary artery stenting simulator using virtual reality technology. A description of the model and the results of a survey on the effectiveness of using immersive technologies among medical school students are provided.

This study examines the TurtleBot3 Waffle Pi mobile robot’s integration into warehouse logistics, highlighting its role in enhancing operational efficiency and reducing costs. Central to the research is the development of a Python-based navigation algorithm that employs LIDAR for autonomous navigation, complemented by a novel positioning strategy. This allows the robot to accurately navigate within a predefined imaginary grid, optimizing workflow, minimizing errors, and cutting operational expenses. A custom-designed lifting mechanism, fabricated via 3D printing, is introduced to improve pallet handling, showcasing the synergy between mechanical innovation and robotics. The integration with Wiren Board 7 controllers facilitates seamless operation, further enhanced by connecting the robot to the Honeywell Experion PKS system through OPC UA technology. This connectivity underscores the robot’s capability to integrate into existing industrial control frameworks, offering a scalable solution for modernizing warehouse operations. Focusing on Kazakhstan’s logistics sector, the application of such technologies demonstrates significant potential to elevate operational efficiency and competitiveness on a national scale. The study emphasizes the critical role of robotics and advanced control systems in logistics, advocating for further technological advancements to support economic growth and sustainability

Medical image segmentation is a widely used task in medical image processing. It allows us to receive the location and size of the required instance. Several critical factors should be considered. First, the model should provide an accurate prediction of the mask. Second, the model should not require a lot of computational resources. Finally, the distribution between the false positive and false negative predictions should be considered. We provide the comparative analysis between four deep learning models, base U-Net and its extension U-Net++, TranUNet, and Swin-UNet for lung X-ray segmentation based on trainable parameters, DICE, IoU, Hausdorff Distance, Precision and Recall. CNN models with the smallest number of parameters show the highest DICE and IoU scores than their descendants on the limited-size dataset. Based on the experiment results provided in the article U-Nethas maximum DICE, IoU, and precision. It makes the model the most appropriate for medical image segmentation. SwinU-Net is the model with minimum Hausdorff Distance. U-Net++ has the maximum Recall.

This article will discuss the functionality of the electronic document management system. The interface, main functions and purpose of the application will be described here to guide the user. The electronic document management service was designed based on an analysis of existing solutions on the Kazakhstan market. When developing the application, we took into account standard functions present in most other services, as well as those that are missing there or implemented separately. This article consolidates the entire result of work on the project and helps to look at the final version of the application from the point of view of the end user. Having described each stage of working with the program, the author can also glean for himself some nuances and details that he had previously missed. The results of this project will provide an electronic document management system for enterprises seeking to improve their operational efficiency through the implementation of a modern electronic document management system based on business process modeling.

Modern technologies have developed quite well lately, and in addition to the banal data collection and processing, modern algorithms are able to predict the behavior of equipment and prevent the occurrence of malfunctions and failures in advance and take actions to reduce the likelihood of an accident and warn the relevant employees. Within the framework of this study, the authors proposed the development of a web-application for the analysis and visualization of data from UK-TPP to ensure the safety of technological processes. Ust-Kamenogorsk TPP is a regional thermal power plant, heat and electricity generation covers 80% of the load of the housing and communal sector of the city and industrial enterprises. The TPP is part of the unified energy system of Kazakhstan. The application being developed has a web interface that will display and visualize data from the main sensors and instruments of the UK TPP, as well as prevent equipment malfunctions and analyze the behavior of sensors using machine learning. Node.js was chosen as the main software platform used, built on the java script programming language, using additional modules that expand the capabilities of this programming language, written in c ++, which speeds up working with data arrays, receiving, and sending them.

Currently, the theory and methods of machine learning (ML) are rapidly developing and are increasingly used in various fields of science and technology, in particular in manufacturing, education and medicine. Weakly supervised learning is a subset of machine learning research that aims to develop models and methods for analyzing various types of information. When formulating a weakly supervised learning problem, it is assumed that some objects in the model are not defined correctly. This inaccuracy can be understood in different ways. Weakly supervised learning is a type of machine learning method in which a model is trained using incomplete, inaccurate, or imprecise observation signals rather than using fully validated data. Weakly supervised learning often occurs in real-world problems for various reasons. This may be due to the high cost of the data labeling process, low sensor accuracy, lack of expert experience, or human error. For example, labeling of poor control is carried out in cases obtained by crowdsourcing methods: for each object there is a set of different assessments, the quality of which depends on the skill of the performers. Another example is the problem of object detection in an image. Boundary lines are a common way to indicate the location and size of objects detected in an image in object detection tasks. The article presents an algorithm for solving a multi-objective weakly supervised regression problem using the Wasserstein metric, various regularizations and a co-association matrix as a similarity matrix. The work also improved the algorithm for calculating the weighted average co-association matrix. We compare the proposed algorithm with existing supervised learning and unsupervised learning algorithms on synthetic and real data.

In quantum information theory, understanding the complexity of entangled states within the context of SLOCC (stochastic local operations and classical communications) involving d qubits (or qudits) is essential for advancing our knowledge of quantum systems. This complexity is often analyzed by classifying the states via local symmetry groups. The resulting classes can be distinguished using invariant polynomials, which serve as a measure of entanglement. This paper introduces a novel method for obtaining invariant polynomials of the smallest degrees, which significantly enhances the efficiency of characterizing SLOCC classes of entangled quantum states. Our method not only simplifies the process of identifying these classes but also provides a robust tool for analyzing the entanglement properties of complex quantum systems. As a practical application, we demonstrate the derivation of minimal degree invariants in specific cases, illustrating the effectiveness of our approach in real-world scenarios. This advancement has the potential to streamline various processes in quantum information theory, making it easier to understand, classify, and utilize entangled states effectively.

The boundary value problem depending on the parameter for the system of impulsive loaded differential equations is considered. Algorithms of numerical realization of the Dzhumabaev parameterization method are developed for numerical solving of the studied boundary value problem depending on the parameter. Algorithms of numerical realization of the Dzhumabaev parameterization method are based on the solving of Cauchy problems for the system of ordinary differential equations. As a result of application of the proposed method, finding a solution to the boundary value problem depending on the parameter for impulsive loaded differential equations leads to finding a solution to the system of algebraic equations. This system of algebraic equations consists of a boundary condition and equalities with respect to the conditions at the impulsive points. Numerical results showing the high efficiency of the numerical implementation of the Dzhumabaev parameterization method are given. The result demonstrate that there is congruence between the numerical and the exact results to a high order of accuracy.

Continued fractions offer a unique representation of real numbers as a sequence of natural numbers. Good's seminal work on continued fractions laid further research into fractal geometry and exceptional sets. This paper extends Good's findings by focusing on level sets constructed by restricting the partial quotients with lower bounds. Using elementary approaches, we establish new bounds on their Hausdorff dimension, providing theoretical insights and practical estimation methods. Additionally, we offer alternative proofs and corollaries that deepen our understanding of the relationship between continued fractions and fractal geometry. Continued fractions provide a distinctive means of expressing real numbers as a sequence of natural numbers, offering insights into the underlying structure of these numbers. Building upon Good's foundational research in continued fractions, this paper delves into the domain of fractal geometry and exceptional sets, exploring the interesting connections between these mathematical constructs. Our focus lies on investigating the Hausdorff dimension of level sets formed by constraining the partial quotients with lower bounds. Employing elementary methodologies, we present fresh theoretical bounds on Hausdorff dimension of these level sets, enriching our understanding of their geometric properties. Through combining theoretical advancements and practical techniques, this research contributes to mathematics, providing both deep theoretical insights and practical applications in understanding continued fractions and their geometric properties.

It is known that many problems for subclasses of univalent functions can be transformed into problems of minimizing or maximizing some functionals associated with the studied subclasses of univalent functions. Often, the logarithmic derivative of regular functions acts as such a functional. In this paper, we introduce a two-parameter subclass of functions regular in the unit circle with a positive real part, the expansion into a series of which begins with the nth degree. This class generalizes the well-known R.Goel and D.Shaffer class of regular functions whose values are contained in a circle symmetric with respect to the real axis containing the point 0 on the boundary. In this class of functions, exact estimates of various functionals, including the logarithmic derivative, are obtained. As applications of these estimates, the exact radii of convexity (or starlikeness) of various classes of starlike and close-to-starlike functions given using the class are found. All the results obtained are accurate and generalize many of the previously known results. The application of the estimates obtained in the article is promising, as it contributes to the theory of extreme problems associated with various subclasses of univalent functions.

Water pollution is an urgent problem today. The amount of water pollution with petroleum products is growing as oil production increases, oil transportation becomes globalized, and new fields are put into operation. This has a detrimental effect on the ecosystem. The aim of the work is to numerically simulate the spread of oil product on the water surface, which can help improve the efficiency of planning and operational management of measures for the localization and elimination of emergency spills. Different emission rates of the pollutant (gasoline) were considered in order to investigate how the pollution area varies for each speed. To model this problem, the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid are used as a mathematical model. The numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations was achieved using a SIMPLE algorithm. A test problem was performed to verify the numerical method and the mathematical model. The calculation results were compared with the result of the experiment and showed an excellent match.

This study aims to analyze the turbulent dispersion of pollutants in the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan, caused by vehicle emissions. The influence of the environment and building on the dispersion of pollutant concentration, in this case ethylene, was studied. A three-dimensional model was built to accurately describe an existing street in the city. Turbulent air flow and concentration was investigated using a mathematical model of convection in a cavity and was solved using the SST k-omega method. SIMPLE algorithm was applied to solve the velocity-concentration relationship. When comparing between the obtained results and known test data, the similarity of the identified results showed the correctness of the methods and algorithms used. In summary, the results of pollutant spreading were analyzed in the presence of a barrier of different heights: 1m, 2m and 3m. The findings indicate that the presence of barrier has a positive effect on the retention of pollutants. Also the height of these barriers plays an important role, so the planning and construction should be grounded on the outcomes of modeling and peculiarities of the given territory. This is proved by the marked differences in the amount of concentration at one and the same moment of time for all cases.

Permutations in a finite field (bijective transformations) are actively studied in many applications, including in information security theory. Permutations are often used as elements for building information processing nodes. In the middle of the 20th century, K. Shannon theoretically justified the basic requirements for mapping performed on such nodes. Currently, when constructing bijective transformations, these requirements are provided by the composition of nonlinear representations given by the table in the field GF(2). The presented paper summarizes the results of work [1] on methods for increasing the dimension of stationary functional systems. Namely, in this paper, approaches to the construction of new permutations from the initial permutations in the finite field are investigated. The linear characteristic is calculated for the constructed permutations. The problem of constructing permutations given by coordinate functions is difficult. The relevance of the topic of the paper is determined by the need to search for new theoretically sound methods for constructing s permutation classes in multidimensional spaces with the required combinatorial-algebraic properties. The paper considers several methods for constructing substitutions of finite fields from initial permutations acting on vectors of smaller dimension. In the binary case, this allows us to find the nonlinearity of the substitutions under consideration, characterizing the proximity of linear combinations of coordinate functions of permutations to the entire class of affine functions. The results of the presented work somewhat expand the possibilities of constructing permutations for an arbitrary finite field.

Rod elements are extensively utilized in various technological fields. An unsteady temperature field induces a time-varying stress field within the rod structure, impacting its strength and reliability during operation. Determining the thermally stressed state of rod structures, considering their mechanical properties (especially elasticity), is a significant scientific and technical challenge. The application of mathematical modeling methods enables the study of thermodynamic processes occurring within a structure and its elements, allowing for the determination of their dynamic and strength characteristics during the design phase. This paper addresses the Cauchy problem for the dynamics of a thermoelastic rod under arbitrary initial conditions and subjected to force and thermal influences. By employing the Green’s tensor for thermoelasticity equations, an analytical solution is derived, which determines deformations, stresses, and temperatures at any point along the rod at any given time, provided the initial state and the acting force and heat sources are known. Numerical calculations of temperature and displacement are presented for cases involving pulsed concentrated force and heat sources. Additionally, solutions to Cauchy problems under the influence of regular force and heat sources distributed along the rod are computed. The developed program allows for the investigation of thermodynamic processes in rods with various physical and mechanical properties, under the influence of both distributed and concentrated pulsed thermal and force sources, described by singular generalized functions.

The proposed work is a detailed numerical simulation of three-dimensional subsonic turbulent flow in a channel, with the main focus on symmetric perpendicular jets arising from the walls. The solution of the Favreaveraged Navier-Stokes equations closed by the turbulence model is carried out using an algorithm based on the ENO scheme. To accelerate the convergence of the iterative process, a preconditioning method is used and a transition to a vector of primitive variables is performed. The results of the study are essential for a better understanding of subsonic turbulent flows and may find applications in various fields, including engineering and scientific research. The relevance of the work is highlighted by the development of efficient numerical algorithms capable of solving subsonic three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations using high-order accuracy schemes, as well as the application of robust turbulence models to analyze supersonic multicomponent flow. The scientific novelty of the work is the successful use of the preconditioning method to accelerate the convergence of the iterative process.

Antenna systems used in small spacecraft are a very important element of the spacecraft. The limited size and operating features of these devices adjust the development processes of subsystems for them. In this work, wire and microstrip antennas for small spacecraft will be modeled and studied. The software environment chosen for modeling was CST Microwave Studio, which allows modeling antennas and ultra-high-frequency devices as close to reality as possible. In this work, a wire dipole antenna operating at a frequency of 433 MHz and a microstrip antenna operating at a frequency of 2200 MHz will be simulated. The dimensions of the antenna will be selected according to calculations, materials will be selected as close as possible to those available to the authors. The results of the study will be useful for further prototyping and research of these antennas.

Carbon materials are frequently utilized in electronics, medicine, and the production of sorption materials. Such materials, including graphite, graphene, graphene oxide (GO) derived from graphite, and graphene oxide synthesized from activated carbon (GO-AC), are widely employed. This article delineates the differences, disadvantages, and advantages of graphene oxide synthesized from activated carbon (GO-AC) in comparison to GO obtained from graphite. During the research, composite materials obtained by oxidizing activated carbon using the Hammers method and biopolymer carboxymethyl cellulose (СMC) in ratios of 1/1, 1/3, and 3/1 were studied using infrared, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and optical methods. Based on the research results, the infrared spectrum of the obtained composite materials revealed absorption peaks of -CO-OH groups at 724 cm^-1 and C-H groups at 944 cm^-1 The 1/1 optimal ratio was obtained due to the unique surface morphology and physical-chemical and mechanical properties of the synthesized composite materials. According to the UV spectrum of the GO-AC/KMC, the C=O ether bond exhibited complete absorption at 226 nm. The surface morphology of the synthesized materials (AC, GO-AC, GO-AC/CMC) was studied using optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). As a result, it was observed that the BK-GO material exhibited a scattered stone-like shape. It was observed that the materials studied by SEM exhibited a chaotic structure, and the pores along the material, resulting from adding the binder СMC to GO-AC in the optimal GO-AC/СMC ratio of 1/1, were covered with oxygen functional groups. Based on the research findings, it was determined that the properties of the GO-AC material are similar to those of graphene oxide (GO) obtained from graphite. According to the study results, it was discovered that the GO-AC material exhibits similar properties to graphene oxide (GO) obtained from graphite. The advantage of these materials over other carbon composites in terms of economic efficiency lies in the simplicity of synthesis and the availability of raw material sources.

Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which play an unrivaled role in enhancing the performance and safety of pyrotechnic substances, carbon nanomaterials have garnered significant interest from researchers in recent years. In this paper, carbon nanostructures prepared by electric arc synthesis are identified as C60 and C70 fullerene carbon blacks. The carbon black particles derived from the synthesized fullerenes exhibit a porous and rough morphology, with sizes ranging from 32 to 190 nm. The experimental results indicate the potential use of synthesized fullerene soot as a constituent component of pyrotechnic composites. The dependence of pyrotechnic composite compositions on combustion time has been determined by selecting potassium nitrate, nanoscale fullerenes, composite carbon blacks, wood coals, and aluminum fillers as matrix materials. According to the findings, the combustion time of the composite composition increases as the content of fullerene soot in the pyrotechnic composite composition increases.

The process of dynamic destruction of a typical section of a steel main gas pipeline with a crack under the action of gas dynamic pressure is considered. The high-speed development of a crack, which grows under the action of a large amount of gas flowing out under high pressure, is investigated. The process of the main crack movement, which is induced by the gas movement, is modeled. The mathematical model of this process includes a model of gas-dynamic processes in a pipe and a model of high-speed deformation and fracture of a pipe section with a crack. An approximate analytical model of gas-dynamic processes is proposed, which makes it possible to simulate the dynamic decrease in pressure on the inner surface of the pipe and the crack bank. The dynamic pressure change is based on decompression of gas in the localized part of the pipe in the vicinity of the crack. The model takes into account the change in gas pressure in the pipeline along the longitudinal coordinate of the part of the pipe with a crack. A numerical procedure for calculating the gas dynamic pressure when gas flows through a crack is considered. It allows you to determine the pressure on the crack banks as a function of time. The results of this numerical procedure are used for numerical simulation of high-speed deformation and avalanche destruction of a typical section of a main gas pipeline with a crack. An analytical model is proposed that uses the methods of fracture mechanics to predict the critical pressure at which crack growth in the pipe is observed. The model is verified according to experimental data and serves for a quick assessment of the integrity of the pipe. This analytical approach is used to predict the possibility of pipe failure based on material properties, crack geometry and pipe dimensions. It can be used for preliminary estimation calculations. A numerical-analytical method for the analysis of inelastic dynamic destruction of a pipe is considered. It is based on the analysis of the magnitude of the crack tip opening angle. A numerical method for analyzing the stress state in the crack region, taking into account plastic deformation, is also considered. The presented models allow numerical methods to investigate the dynamics of crack development and, as a consequence, the destruction of typical sections of main gas pipelines under pressure. Using the results of these studies will make it possible to take preventive measures to prevent cases of avalanche destruction of emergency sections of main pipelines.

In the paper, the new hybrid LED driver is proposed. The hybrid LED driver combines the idea of pulsed power conversion of a conventional LED driver with the idea of adjusting configurable LED strings synchronously with input voltage like in a direct AC LED module. This synthesis promises to increase efficiency and reduce electromagnetic interference. Due to low power loss a hybrid LED driver is attractive for circuit integration to reduce size and cost compared to the traditional LED drivers. But in the hybrid LED drivers of previous arts the topology exploits LEDs in switch-pulse mode operation, which limits the efficiency because of LEDs slow nature. In addition, the light intensity of the LEDs decreases in pulsed mode. Therefore the new hybrid LED driver is proposed to overcome the drawbacks. The attention was paid to preventing LEDs from hard switching to improve efficiency and alleviate EMI issues. To confirm the results obtained, computer modeling was performed using specialized software.

In this work, the optimal parameters for the production of lead sulfide nanoparticles (PbS) were determined. Lead sulfide nanoparticles were obtained by chemical precipitation in an aqueous solution of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3 )2 ) 25 ml 0.18 M (1.524 g), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 75 ml 0.38 M (1.172 g), thiourea (CH₄ N₂ S) 50 ml 0.11 M (0.399 g), at a reaction temperature of 100 °C, the duration of the synthesis reaction was 120 minutes. The particles were deposited on a pre-purified silicon (Si) substrate. After synthesis, the particles were processed in a glow discharge plasma in an argon atmosphere at a pressure of the order of Ð=1 Pa, for t₁ =1min and U = 2 min, at a voltage ofU = 2 kV and a current strength of I =1,5 mA. The morphology of the obtained structures was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the elemental composition of the particles was determined by energy dispersion analysis (EDX). Plasma treatment reduces the average particle size from the submicron to the nanometer range.

Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are promising for reusable electrochemical test systems because of their high sensitivity, fast response and ease of operation. A wide class of materials such as noble metal nanoparticles, composites based on carbon nanomaterials, and metal oxides are used to create non-enzymatic glucose sensors. The search for new materials for the creation of highly sensitive glucose sensors is an urgent task. In the present work a new sensor material promising for the creation of glucose biosensors is investigated. Zinc, cobalt and copper hydroxy-carbonates were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 120 ^oC and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. It is shown that the synthesized material exhibits high sensitivity to glucose (11.2 mA*mM-1*cm-2), wide sensitivity range, thermal stability and is promising for the development of non-enzymatic glucose biosensors. The limit of detection, evaluated by the magnitude of the electrochemical response when the glucose concentration was varied within the interval up to 0.5 mM, was 0.007 mM. The obtained material showed thermal stability up to 200 ^oC when heated in an oxidizing atmosphere, which is important for ensuring long-term stability of sensory characteristics.

The work examines the effect of substitution of copper with cobalt and nickel in the composition of CuBi₂ O₄ films obtained using the electrochemical deposition method. The substitution was initiated by addition of cobalt or nickel sulfates to the sulfuric acid electrolyte solution, which made it possible to obtain films with a tetragonal type of crystal lattice characteristic of the CuBi₂ O₄ phase. Moreover, an analysis of the structural parameters and changes in the elemental composition of the films showed that the addition of nickel and cobalt sulfates to the electrolyte leads to the formation of a tetragonal phase according to the type of substitution associated with the partial replacement of copper by nickel or cobalt, depending on the composition of the electrolyte solution. During simulation of the film degradation processes under external influences, the results of corrosion tests of CuBi₂ O₄ films in the aggressive environment of a model solution of 0.1 M NaCl at different ambient temperatures were obtained. The dependences of changes in the structural ordering degree and the softening degree of the films under study were determined depending on the time spent in an aggressive environment. The substitution of copper with cobalt or nickel has been found to increase the resistance of the studied films to degradation and oxidation, indicating a positive substitution effect, reducing the degradation rate of the surface of the films in contact with the aggressive medium.

The article contains a comparative analysis of atmospheric emissions on the territory of the Western Kazakhstan regions. An analysis of pollutants emissions into the atmosphere of Western Kazakhstan shows that in the study area there are quite a lot of sources, the emissions of which create high levels of air pollution in most of the territory. In terms of economic activity types, the main share belongs to industry. It has been established that the main air pollution’s stationary sources are the oil, gas complex and chemical industry enterprises. Calculated emission indicators characterizing the air pollution levels per unit area, per capita, as well as integral coefficients showed that the regions contribution to atmospheric pollution’s total emissions is unequal, Atyrau and Aktobe regions account for 36.6% and 35.4% of the total emissions, respectively. On the territory of Western Kazakhstan, only solid particles emitted into the atmosphere are captured, mainly in the industrial zone, the share of gaseous substances captured is insignificant, and in most of the region there are no treatment facilities. The work carried out contributes to further analysis of the assessment of the atmosphere environmental state in country’s large industrial regions. The results of the sources and pollution levels’ analysis make it possible to determine priority areas for reducing atmospheric emissions, as well as to develop strategies and programs for environmental safety and sustainable development in the region of Western Kazakhstan.

Water scarcity is one of the global risks in arid and semi-arid regions such as Central Asia (CA), including Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan. The main rivers of Central Asia are transboundary, such as the Chu-Talas River basin, which is located on the territory of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. Natural and man-made factors such as climate change can lead to water crises and conflicts due to reduced water supplies and deteriorating water quality. Unfortunately, in Central Asia, surface water resources are mainly studied, and groundwater resources are excluded from open analytical analysis. At the same time, groundwater is a vital component of the river basin ecosystem and should be studied simultaneously with surface water to obtain a more complete analysis of the sustainability of the integrated surface-groundwater system of the basin. Combined scientific research of surface and groundwater, forecasting the water balance of basins is associated with great difficulties in transboundary cooperation of specialists from meteorologists, hydrologists, hydrogeologists of bordering states. Basically, cross-border negotiations are dominated by departmental management, more administrative management, without system planning, analysis of adaptation and preparation for natural processes, without stimulating the involvement of the local population, students of schools, colleges and universities in studying, conducting field water research, modeling surface water balances -groundwater of swimming pools. Local residents of the villages of the basins of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan need increased joint support for advanced training of the population, opportunities for adaptation to climate change in the school-college-industry-university chain. Joint hydrogeological studies of natural processes in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan are poorly developed. Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan is missing out on opportunities for joint cooperation. In many countries there is now a “gold rush” of hydrogeological research and research on natural geological “white” hydrogen, including on the France-German border, where the world’s largest underground reserves of hydrogen have been discovered. It is important for Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to strengthen cooperation with the creation of growth incentives, support for researchers, hydrogeologists, and strengthening of the Academies of Sciences of the two countries. This review presents opportunities for strengthening cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, including joint effective management of natural resources, studying the hydrogeology of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan for the effective joint use of hydrogen and water resources of the two countries.

As a fluid with a certain viscosity, foam is widely used to control gas channeling and reduce gas mobility in oil fields due to its simple process, low cost and stability in water, and has achieved good results. Through literature research and the research results of our team in recent years, the research status of CO2 foam is expounded from the direction of foam structure and foam decay. On this basis, the research progress of the effects of nanoparticles and external conditions on foam stability is introduced. Finally, the mechanism of nanoparticle stabilized foam was discussed by introducing the maximum desorption energy theory, the maximum capillary pressure theory and the interaction theory between particles. With the continuous development of foam flooding technology, the diversity and functionality of foam will continue to show, the development cost will be further reduced, and its application prospects in oil fields will become more and more broad.

In the modern economy, there is a continuous development of market dynamism, where strategic human resource management acts as a fundamental factor determining the sustainability and development of an organization. Employees are the core of any organization. Effective interaction with them contributes to the well-coordinated and flexible work of the organization. This article discusses the importance of implementing effective human resource management practices. As part of this study, a survey was conducted among Ernst&Young auditors, aimed to analyze the impact of various human resource management practices on employee effectiveness within this organization. The article reveals the aspects that are important for improving the efficiency and satisfaction of employees. Five key aspects are analyzed: training and development, performance evaluation, compensation, authority and responsibility, and the work environment. The study is provided in the form of a quantitative analysis of respondents’ responses, which reflect their perception of existing human resource management initiatives. Research has revealed that investments in staff training and development, as well as the creation of a transparent evaluation and remuneration system, have an impact not only on increasing employee satisfaction and strengthening the position of loyalty to the company, but also contribute to achieving the strategic goals of the organization.

The article analyzes the influence of macroeconomic factors on the investment attractiveness of PPP projects. The purpose of this article is to conduct this study to identify the degree of influence of external macro-economic factors on the volume of attracted investments. Methodology of the paper is quantitative, regression analysis. Analysis results show that there is a moderately strong relationship between dependent and independent variables. In conclusion, this study will help both the state and private investors, as well as project managers, since the increasing investments leads to the region competitiveness, that ensures high and sustainable rates of socio-economic growth.

Project success is the best outcome expected by project stakeholders. Whether it’s a product launch or service delivery, practitioners want to achieve success in projects as well and they have their understanding of project success and dependence of it on various factors. This concept is still developing, as the projects constantly transform in dynamic market. Project success is connected to factors, which contribute to the project successful delivery. For the time-being it is not limited to triple constrains pyramid of time, cost, and budget. “Iron triangle” was the initial model for project management success, however, it reflected only general projects in the 20th century. Researchers establish new factors and frameworks analyzing, how companies reach success in different fields. At the same time the business expands, companies strive to extend their territories to more than one country, so become international, global as the time goes by. They way how this companies continue leading projects is a matter of research nowadays, they face challenges as cultural, language, communication, legal, etc. The purpose of this research is to define project success factors from the perspective of practitioners with project management experience in global companies. Conduct of survey, quantitative analysis was applied as a research method. The findings of this study tested the hypothesis claiming that specific factors considerably contribute the success of global projects.

Kazakh business establishments demonstrate a collective approach in addressing the environmental dimension by evaluating their environmental management systems and commitment. However, it is important to note that these efforts are implemented in a proportional manner rather than in their full. Consequently, Kazakh companies are able to achieve sustainable development goals to a certain extent, but not to the fullest extent. The objective of this study is to ascertain the characteristics and attributes of environmental performance auditing, as well as the rules and norms that regulate auditors’ conduct within this professional domain. SPSS was used to analyse data and it is found that there is a positive and strong relationship between activating the environmental audit and achieving sustainable development goals. The sample members demonstrate a significant level of awareness regarding the crucial significance of examining the environmental issue in the attainment of sustainable development goals. The findings of the research demonstrate the significant and direct impact of audit reports on the motivation of companies to demonstrate a strong commitment towards the protection and preservation of the environment. The study suggests that it is imperative to encourage enterprises to enhance their environmental transparency by including environmental information in their submitted environmental reports to the relevant stakeholders with other some factors.