OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING, GEOLOGY
The article presents the results of testing, research, trial operation of oil wells at the N field. The objects of sampling in the prospecting stage were practically all layers with favorable geological and geophysical characteristics. When testing wells through the production casing, oil inflows were obtained with flow rates from 12 to 31 m3/day at chokes 2-5 mm (well №3) and from 45 to 72 m3/day at chokes 8-12 mm (well №5). The study of the materials of well testing shows that there is no active water pressure regime, and in conditions of wedging out of productive reservoirs at short distances, it is usually not observed. This is also facilitated by the presence of a number of faults that cut off productive formations from the rest of the reservoir. According to geological, geophysical and field information on the N field, oil deposits in the Upper Jurassic deposits are stratal. The world oil market is characterized by a relatively stable supply and demand. According to available forecasts, the world demand for hydrocarbon raw materials is likely to grow and oil prices, according to experts' forecasts, will rise to USD 100 or more per barrel. Under these conditions, oil development will always be profitable.
The production of high-viscosity oils is now becoming more and more important due to the depletion of traditional oil and gas fields. For the development of deposits of heavy oils, thermal extraction methods are of greatest interest. The essence of thermal production methods is the injection of a heat carrier – steam into the reservoir to reduce the viscosity of oil. The extraction, preparation and transportation of such oils is often complicated and sometimes impossible due to its low mobility due to the high viscosity of this oil. The field of scientific activity during the commissioning of heavy high-viscosity oils is expanding. In the world, light oils are extracted no more than 50%, heavy high-viscosity oils in the range of 10 to 30%, depending on the characteristics of oil, water and reservoir. Thermal extraction methods are of the greatest interest for the development of heavy oil deposits. Thermal methods of oil field development are divided into two fundamentally different types. The first is based on intra-layer combustion processes created by initiating the combustion of coke residues in the bottom-hole zone of injection wells, followed by the movement of the combustion front by pumping air (dry gorenje gorenje gorenje gorenje gorenje) or air and water (wet gorenje). The second is based on the injection (from the surface) of heat carriers into oil formations. The essence of thermal extraction methods is the injection of a coolant – steam into a productive reservoir to reduce the viscosity of oil.Of a number of thermal methods, the most interesting is the technology of steam-assisted gravity stimulation of a reservoir (SAGD).
PHYSICAL, MATHEMATICAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES
Most of the fast-moving consumer goods companies (FMCG) have two main targets in order to become successful on the market. First, it is profit maximization and the second one is cost optimization or minimization. If the company can hold those two key performance indicator (KPIs) in balance, it has all the odds to be competitive and successful in the field of operation. Supply Chain (SC) team and in particular Demand planning (DP) plays a crucial role in achieving those targets mentioned above with help of recommendation modelling systems. Demand planning team are those who can translate business needs into meaningful and measurable numbers for Supply Chain keeping healthy inventory level and delivering the goods that needed with the best freshness and availability possible. Further, we will describe and analyze how to achieve better results vs. current solutions on specific company called PepsiCo via modelling and analyzing Demand Planning in FMCG sector overall.
In this paper, we investigate properties that are preserved or acquired when combining an arbitrary number of theories or structures. Recently, an interest has been shown in the study of P-combinations (when each structure is distinguished by a separate unary predicate) and E-combinations (when each structure is distinguished by a separate class of equivalence with respect to E). Here we studied the properties of E-combinations of linearly ordered theories. The 1-indiscernibilty and density of a weakly o-minimal E-combination of countably many copies of an almost omega-categorical weakly o-minimal theory in a language that does not contain distinguished constants are established.
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