ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ЦЕЛОСТНОСТИ ДАННЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ЭКЗАМЕНОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННОГО РЕЕСТРА

Расширенное использование централизованных студенческих информационных систем (Student Information Systems, SIS) в условиях цифровизации высшего образования увеличивает риск несанкционированного изменения данных студентов, поскольку ввод и управление данными зависят от одного административного доверенного домена. В данной работе представлена разработка и экспериментальная проверка архитектуры технологии распределенного реестра (Distributed Ledger Technology, DLT), предназначенной для обеспечения криптографически проверяемой целостности экзаменационных результатов. Предложенная архитектура основана на интеграции SQL-ориентированной SIS и блокчейн-системы Hyperledger Fabric через защищенный middleware-слой. Экзаменационные записи SIS преобразуются в криптографическое hashcommitment и сохраняются в неизменяемом ledger. Экспериментальная проверка проводилась путем развертывания реальной сети Hyperledger Fabric в контейнеризированной среде и тестирования с использованием Hyperledger Caliper при нагрузке до 120,000 транзакций. Основными показателями были пропускная способность, задержка фиксации, способность обнаружения нарушений целостности данных и характеристики хранения реестра. Архитектура достигла пропускной способности 728 транзакций/секунду и максимальной пропускной способности 842 транзакции/секунду при средней задержке фиксации менее 2.0 секунд. Тесты на несанкционированное вмешательство показали успешное обнаружение всех несанкционированных изменений со средним временем обнаружения 19.8 мс. Анализ хранения показал линейный рост реестра и потребность менее 5.68 ГБ за десять лет. Результаты демонстрируют, что предложенная архитектура устраняет единую точку отказа, присущую централизованным системам, и обеспечивает масштабируемую криптографически проверяемую целостность академических записей.

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