STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEM OF FLIGHT OF SMALL CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT

Determining the location of the aircraft in space is one of the main tasks of navigation, that a significant part of onboard and ground navigation equipment is designed to solve this problem. The need to monitor air objects arose from the moment the air objects appeared and at the initial stages were solved using tools such as radio communications, radio direction finding, radiolocation, and others. The increasing needfor air travel requires continuous improvement of the security system, ultra-precise control of aircraft movement and the elimination of errors based on a misunderstanding of the pilot and controller. However, there is a category of small civilian aircraft, which is not equipped with such devices, and whose number is increasing every day, including the widespread increase in the number of large unmanned aircraft weighing more than 10 kg, whose uncontrolled flights pose a real threat to the safety ofpeople, communication facilities and air traffic in general. The article describes the principle of operation of the developed system for monitoring small civilian aircraft in real time under all weather conditions. The structure of the monitoring system for small civilian aircraft using global navigation satellite systems and mobile satellite communications, which consists of subsystems such as a terminal, a data processing center and a control center, is presented. The functional tasks of each subsystem of the small civilian aircraft monitoring system are described.

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