МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ НЕФТЕЙ ЭМБИНСКОГО РАЙОНА (ПРИКАСПИЙСКИЙ БАССЕЙН): ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ, ТЕРМИЧЕСКАЯ ЗРЕЛОСТЬ И ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ КОРРЕЛЯЦИЯ

Прикаспийский бассейн, включая его юго-восточную часть, является уникальной нефтегазоносной провинцией с гигантскими месторождениями, такими как Тенгиз и Кашаган, запасы которых оценив в миллиарды тонн. Несмотря на обширные исследования региона, вопросы генетической принадлежности нефтей и условий их палеообразования требуют дополнительных геохимических анализов нефтяных проб. Для проведения комплексной геохимической характеристики и генетической корреляции нефтей Эмбинского региона с акцентом на анализ молекулярных маркеров для реконструкции условий нефтеобразования было отобрано семь нефтяных проб из различных стратиграфических горизонтов. В исследовании использовались современные аналитические методы: газовая хроматография (Agilent 7890B) для детального анализа н-алканов и изопреноидов (пристана и фитана) и хромато-масс-спектрометрия в режиме регистрации выбранных ионов m/z 191, 217 для идентификации терпанов и стеранов соответственно. Особое внимание было уделено расчету ключевых геохимических индексов (изопреноидных, гопановых, отношений стерановой изомеризации), а также построению диагностических диаграмм. Результаты указывают на морское происхождение исследуемых нефтей с доминированием карбонатных материнских пород (C₂₇ стераны > 30%, C₂₉/C₃₀ гопаны > 1). Отношения Pr/Ph (0,79–1,07) и повышенное содержание C₃₅ гомогопанов свидетельствуют об образовании в восстановительных условиях. Параметры термической зрелости (Ts/(Ts+Tm) = 0,15–0,64; C₂₉ ββ/(αα+ββ) = 0,55–0,71) подтверждают генерацию проб в главной зоне нефтеобразования. Генетическая корреляция объединила все образцы в одну нефтяную семью морского карбонатного проис- хождения. Полученные выводы имеют практическую значимость для прогнозирования аналогичных скоплений в регионе.

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