kaz29Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университетаHerald of the Kazakh-British Technical University1998-66882959-8109Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет10.55452/1998-6688-2026-23-3-434-447kaz29-3204Research ArticleФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИPHYSICAL SCIENCESВЛИЯНИЕ КАРБИДНЫХ ДОПАНТОВ ТАНТАЛА И ВАНАДИЯ НА СТРУКТУРУ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА КЕРАМИК НА ОСНОВЕ НИТРИДА АЛЮМИНИЯEFFECT OF TANTALUM AND VANADIUM CARBIDE DOPANTS ON THE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM NITRIDE-BASED CERAMICShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5483-9552ЖумажановаА. Т.ZhumazhanovaA. T.

PhD, МНС

Астана

PhD, Junior Researcher

Astana

ainashzhumazhanova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9908-3034ШакирзяновК. И.ShakirzyanovR. I.

К.ф.-м.н., МНС

Астана

Cand. Phys.-Math. Sci., Junior Researcher

Astana

shakirzyanov_ri@enu.kzЕвразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. ГумилеваКазахстанL.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityKazakhstan202626092026233434447Copyright © Жумажанова А.Т., Шакирзянов К.И., 20262026Жумажанова А.Т., Шакирзянов К.И.Zhumazhanova A.T., Shakirzyanov R.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/3204

В настоящей работе исследовано влияние добавок карбида тантала и карбида ванадия на фазовый состав, микроструктуру и механические свойства керамических композитов на основе нитрида алюминия, полученных методом механохимической твердофазной обработки с последующей термообработкой. Мольная доля карбидных добавок варьировалась в диапазоне x = 0,01–0,10. Результаты сканирующей электронной микроскопии в сочетании с энергодисперсионным рентгеноспектральным анализом показали однородное распределение армирующих фаз после механохимической активации. Рентгенофазовый анализ показал, что карбид тантала сохраняет химическую стабильность в процессе обработки, что приводит к формированию двухфазного композита AlN-TaC с пониженными искажениями кристаллической решетки матрицы AlN. Напротив, карбид ванадия в процессе термообработки подвергается частичному окислению с образованием вторичной фазы V2 O5 , что обусловливает иной характер фазовой эволюции материала. Механохимическая обработка способствует формированию более однородной морфологии порошковой смеси и подавляет образование крупных агломератов карбидных частиц, создавая благоприятные условия для последующего формирования микроструктуры. Механические испытания показали, что при содержании добавок x > 0,03 наблюдается существенное повышение твердости и прочности при изгибе, при этом наибольший эффект упрочнения достигается в композитах, содержащих TaC, благодаря сохранению стабильной равномерно распределенной высокотвердой карбидной фазы. Улучшение механических свойств обусловлено совместным действием дисперсионного упрочнения, подавления роста зерен, упрочнения границ зерен и отклонения траектории распространения трещин. Полученные результаты устанавливают четкую взаимосвязь между условиями обработки, фазовой эволюцией, микроструктурой и механическими свойствами материалов, демонстрируя перспективность механохимического метода для создания высокоэффективных керамических композитов на основе нитрида алюминия, предназначенных для эксплуатации в условиях высоких механических и термических нагрузок.

This work investigates the effect of tantalum carbide and vanadium carbide additions on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of AlN-based ceramic composites synthesized by mechanochemical solid-state processing followed by thermal treatment. The molar fraction of the carbide additives was varied within the range of x = 0.01-0.10. Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of the reinforcing phases after mechanochemical activation. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that TaC remained chemically stable during processing, leading to the formation of a two-phase AlN-TaC composite with reduced lattice distortions of the AlN matrix. In contrast, VC underwent partial oxidation during heat treatment, resulting in the formation of secondary V2 O5 and a different phase evolution. Mechanochemical processing produced a more homogeneous powder morphology and suppressed the formation of large carbide agglomerates, providing favorable conditions for subsequent microstructural development. Mechanical testing demonstrated that a pronounced improvement in hardness and flexural strength occurred at dopant contents above x = 0.03, with the greatest strengthening effect observed for the TaC-containing composites owing to the retention of a stable, uniformly dispersed high-hardness carbide phase. The enhanced mechanical performance is attributed to the combined effects of dispersion strengthening, inhibition of grain growth, grain-boundary strengthening, and crack-deflection mechanisms. These results establish clear relationships between processing, phase evolution, microstructure, and mechanical behavior, demonstrating the potential of mechanochemical processing for the development of high-performance AlN-based ceramic composites intended for demanding structural and hightemperature applications.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.