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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz29</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of the Kazakh-British Technical University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-6688</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-8109</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55452/1998-6688-2026-23-3-255-266</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz29-3190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>БЛОКЧЕЙН-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ГОЛОСОВАНИЯ С БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЕЙ ИЗБИРАТЕЛЕЙ И ЗАЩИТОЙ ОТ АТАК С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДИПФЕЙКОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A BLOCKCHAIN-ORIENTED MODEL FOR ELECTRONIC VOTING WITH BIOMETRIC VOTER IDENTIFICATION AND DEEPFAKE-RESISTANT AUTHENTICATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3327-9719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айдынов</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aidynov</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Докторант, научный сотрудник</p><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctoral student, Researcher</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tolegen.ch@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-4685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сатыбалдина</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Satybaldina</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К. ф.-м.н., профессор</p><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">satybaldina_dzh@enu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5348-4948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Димитров</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dimitrov</surname><given-names>W.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, профессор</p><p>София</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor</p><p>Sofia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.dimitrov@unibit.bg</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6692-197X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абишева</surname><given-names>Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abisheva</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD</p><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulsipat.abisheva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет библиотековедения и информационных технологий</institution><country>Болгария</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Library Studies and Information Technologies</institution><country>Bulgaria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>255</fpage><lpage>266</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айдынов Т., Сатыбалдина Д., Димитров В., Абишева Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айдынов Т., Сатыбалдина Д., Димитров В., Абишева Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aidynov T., Satybaldina D., Dimitrov W., Abisheva G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/3190">https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/3190</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлена и экспериментально апробирована модель электронной системы голосования, объединяющая децентрализованное хранение результатов на основе технологии блокчейн, биометрическую идентификацию избирателей и автоматическое обнаружение синтетически сгенерированных (deepfake) изображений лиц. Для проверки личности избирателя используются архитектуры Vision Transformer и ResNet-50, дообученные с применением метода Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). Дополнительная устойчивость к атакам с использованием подмены лица и синтетической генерации обеспечивается анализом входного изображения в частотной области с использованием быстрого преобразования Фурье (FFT). Для решения проблемы неизменяемости блокчейна предложен механизм контролируемого переголосования, основанный на самоудаляющихся бюллетенях и защищенных временных метках, при этом сами голоса фиксируются в смарт-контракте Ethereum. Экспериментальные результаты показали, что модель Vision Transformer с адаптацией LoRA достигает точности 97,36% при различении реальных и синтетических изображений лиц, значительно превосходя аналогичную модель ResNet-50. Предлагаемая система рассматривается как компонент цифровой инфраструктуры Smart City и может служить основой для дальнейших исследований в области биометрических протоколов с сохранением конфиденциальности и масштабируемых блокчейнплатформ для проведения выборов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents and experimentally validates an electronic voting model that stores results in a decentralized blockchain while using biometric voter verification and automatic detection of synthetically generated (deepfake) facial images. For identity verification, Vision Transformer and ResNet-50 architectures are fine-tuned with LowRank Adaptation (LoRA). Frequency-domain information from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is also included as a descriptor for detecting synthetic images. Since blockchain records cannot be altered, the model introduces a controlled revoting process based on self-destructing ballots and timestamps recorded on the blockchain; the votes themselves are submitted through an Ethereum smart contract. In the experiments, the LoRA-adapted ViT configuration distinguishes real from synthetic facial images with an accuracy of 97.48%, exceeding the performance of the LoRA-adapted ResNet-50 baseline. However, because no separate FFT ablation study has been conducted, this work does not claim that the frequency descriptor makes an independent contribution. The proposed system is presented as part of Smart City digital infrastructure and lays the groundwork for future research on privacypreserving biometric protocols and blockchain platforms capable of scaling to electoral processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электронное голосование</kwd><kwd>распознавание лиц</kwd><kwd>обнаружение дипфейков</kwd><kwd>блокчейн</kwd><kwd>Ethereum</kwd><kwd>смарт-контракты</kwd><kwd>Vision Transformer</kwd><kwd>ResNet</kwd><kwd>механизм переголосования</kwd><kwd>Smart City</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electronic voting</kwd><kwd>face recognition</kwd><kwd>deepfake detection</kwd><kwd>blockchain</kwd><kwd>Ethereum</kwd><kwd>smart contracts</kwd><kwd>Vision Transformer</kwd><kwd>ResNet</kwd><kwd>revoting mechanism</kwd><kwd>smart city</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayath, T.M., Rajeev, D.V., Nihanth, R., Tharun, U.V., and Achutha, R. 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