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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz29</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of the Kazakh-British Technical University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-6688</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-8109</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55452/1998-6688-2026-23-2-381-391</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz29-2920</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ И УЛУЧШЕННЫЕ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ NI₃S₂/NI ПЕНЫ ДЛЯ ГИБРИДНЫХ СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SURFACE TRANSFORMATION AND ENHANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE OF NI3S2/NI FOAM ELECTRODES FOR HYBRID SUPERCAPACITORS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2975-0999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канатов</surname><given-names>Ж. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanatov</surname><given-names>Zh. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD студент.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanatovzhantilek@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-1678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калкозова</surname><given-names>Ж. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalkozova</surname><given-names>Zh. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., профессор.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Phys.-Math.Sc., Professor.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhanar.kalkozova@kaznu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7713-3925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мұқаш</surname><given-names>Ж. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukash</surname><given-names>Zh. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, Ассистент профессор.</p><p>Каскелен</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Assistant Professor.</p><p>Kaskelen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhanar.mukash@sdu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-8330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоян</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaeian</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD.</p><p>Пейсли</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD.</p><p>Paisley</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mojtaba.mirzaeian@uws.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-2272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллин</surname><given-names>Х. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullin</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Phys.-Math.Sc., Professor.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kh.abdullin@physics.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальная нанотехнологическая лаборатория открытого типа, Казахский национальный университет им. аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type of Al–Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Школа образования и гуманитарных наук, Университет СДУ<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">School of Education and Humanities, SDU University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Школа вычислительной техники, инженерии и физических наук, Университет Западной Шотландии<country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>391</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Канатов Ж.С., Калкозова Ж.К., Мұқаш Ж.О., Мирзоян М., Абдуллин Х.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Канатов Ж.С., Калкозова Ж.К., Мұқаш Ж.О., Мирзоян М., Абдуллин Х.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanatov Z.S., Kalkozova Z.K., Mukash Z.O., Mirzaeian M., Abdullin K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2920">https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2920</self-uri><abstract><p>Процесс сульфидирования поверхности никелевой пены для получения слоёв Ni3S2 с высокой электрохимической емкостью и стабильностью при электрохимическом циклировании, был подробно изучен. Однако роль слоев гидроксида никеля, которые, как предполагается, образуются в условиях электрохимической работы электрода Ni3S2/NF (никелевая пена), до сих пор не была достаточно изучена. В настоящей работе показано, что гидроксидная фаза вносит значительный вклад как в электрохимическую емкость, так и в циклическую стабильность. Электрод Ni3S2/NF был изготовлен с помощью одноэтапного гидротермального метода в присутствии тиомочевины при температуре 160 °C. Первоначальная структура Ni3S2 на поверхности NF впоследствии была модифицирована в результате электрохимических циклов в электролите KOH. Увеличение электрохимической емкости электрода сопровождалось образованием нескольких фаз гидроксида никеля, что было подтверждено с помощью рентгеновской дифракции (XRD) и рамановской спектроскопии. Электрод продемонстрировал высокую стабильность характеристик в течение 20 000 циклов гальваностатического заряда-разряда (GCD) при плотности тока 20 А·г⁻¹, сохранив 90% своей максимальной емкости. Удельная ёмкость электрода Ni3S2 составила 758 Ф·г⁻¹ при плотности тока 2,7 А·г⁻¹. При увеличении плотности тока до 90 А·г⁻¹ удельная емкость снизилась до 233 Ф·г⁻¹, что составляет 30% от значения при плотности тока 2,7 А·г⁻¹</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The process of sulfurization of nickel foam surfaces to obtain Ni3S2 layers with high electrochemical capacitance and stability during electrochemical cycling has been extensively studied. However, the role of nickel hydroxide layers, which are expected to form under the electrochemical operating conditions of the Ni3S2/NF electrode, has not been sufficiently investigated. In the present work, it is demonstrated that the hydroxide phase makes a significant contribution to both electrochemical capacitance and cyclic stability. The Ni3S2/NF electrode was fabricated via a single–step hydrothermal method in the presence of thiourea at 160 °C. The initial structure of Ni3S2 on the NF surface was subsequently modified through electrochemical cycling in a KOH electrolyte. The increase in electrochemical capacitance of the electrode was accompanied by the formation of multiple nickel hydroxide phases, as identified by X–ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The electrode exhibited high performance stability over 20,000 galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) cycles at a current density of 20 A g−1, retaining 90% of its maximum capacitance. The specific capacitance of the Ni2S3 electrode was 758 F g−1 at a current density of 2.7 A g−1. When the current density increased to 90 A g−1, the specific capacitance decreased to 233 F g−1, corresponding to 30% of the capacitance at 2.7 A g−1.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ni3S2</kwd><kwd>никелевая пена</kwd><kwd>гибридный суперконденсатор</kwd><kwd>гидроксид никеля</kwd><kwd>электрохимическая активация</kwd><kwd>циклическая стабильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ni3S2</kwd><kwd>nickel foam</kwd><kwd>hybrid supercapacitor</kwd><kwd>nickel hydroxide</kwd><kwd>electrochemical activation</kwd><kwd>cycling stability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant No AP23488976)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lakshmi, K.C.S., Vedhanarayanan, B. 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