kaz29Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университетаHerald of the Kazakh-British Technical University1998-66882959-8109Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет10.55452/1998-6688-2026-23-1-117-131kaz29-2506Research ArticleКОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ НАУКИCOMPUTER SCIENCEК ВОПРОСУ ОЦЕНКИ ТОЧНОСТИ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ГИДРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КАРАТОМАРСКОГО И ВЕРХНЕТОБОЛЬСКОГО ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩ СЕВЕРНОГО КАЗАХСТАНАON THE ISSUE OF ASSESSING THE ACCURACY OF COMPUTER MODELING OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES (USING THE EXAMPLE OF A STUDY OF THE KARATOMAR AND VERKHNETOBOL RESERVOIRS IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1415-5244ЗарубинМ. Ю.ZarubinM. Yu.

к.т.н., ассоциированный профессор

г. Костанай

Cand. Tech. Sc., Associate Professor

Kostanay

zarubin_mu@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-9172ЗарубинаВ. Р.ZarubinaV. R.

к.э.н., ассоциированный профессор

г. Костанай

Cand. Econ. Sc., Associate Professor

Kostanay

zarubina_v@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-8982ЫсқақА. У.YskakA. U.

к.с.-х.н.

г. Костанай

PhD

Kostanay

yskak_aliya@ksu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2143-7618ЕрмолдинаТ. Г.YermoldinaG. T.

магистр

г. Костанай

Master

Kostanay

gulnazyermoldina@gmail.comКостанайский инженерно-экономический университет им. М. ДулатоваКазахстанKostanay University of Engineering and Economics named after M. DulatovKazakhstanКостанайский региональный университет им. А. БайтұрсынұлыКазахстанKostanay Regional University named after Akhmet BaitursynulyKazakhstan202629032026231117131Copyright © Зарубин М.Ю., Зарубина В.Р., Ысқақ А.У., Ермолдина Т.Г., 20262026Зарубин М.Ю., Зарубина В.Р., Ысқақ А.У., Ермолдина Т.Г.Zarubin M.Y., Zarubina V.R., Yskak A.U., Yermoldina G.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2506

В последние годы Казахстан столкнулся с серьезными проблемами как недостатка воды, так и эксплуатации имеющихся гидротехнических сооружений: периоды засухи приводят к систематическому снижению накопленных запасов пресной воды, а паводок 2024 г. привел к затоплению ряда населенных пунктов. Для понимания реальной картины состояния имеющихся гидротехнических сооружений и наличествующих в этих водохранилищах водных запасов, а также прогнозирования потенциальных рисков правительством инициирован ряд исследований. В свете возросшей актуальности проблемы понимания достоверной картины состояния гидротехнических сооружений авторами в статье поднимаются вопросы оценки точности компьютерного моделирования состояния водохранилищ региона (на примере Каратомарского и Верхнетобольского водохранилищ). В исследовании батиметрия Каратомарского водохранилища выполнена с помощью дрона Apache 3. Исследование закономерностей точности моделирования от частоты галсов проводилось с использованием методов кригинга. Модели водохранилища строились в QGis и Surfe. При анализе береговой линии использовались космические снимки Sentinel-2 и данные «Казводхоза». Результатом исследования стал алгоритм определения плотности (шага) галсов гидродрона для современной геоморфологии дна. Исследования показали, что точность исследования даже равнинных гидротехнических сооружений Казахстана существенно зависит от параметров проведения полевых исследований, а сами гидротехнические сооружения за период эксплуатации претерпели существенные изменения.

In recent years, Kazakhstan has faced serious challenges, both in terms of water shortages and the operation of existing hydraulic structures. Droughts have systematically reduced accumulated freshwater reserves, while the 2024 flood has led to the inundation of several settlements. To understand the true state of existing hydraulic structures and the water reserves in these reservoirs, as well as to forecast potential risks, the government has initiated a series of studies. In light of the increased urgency of understanding the condition of hydraulic structures, the authors address the issue of assessing the accuracy of computer modeling of the region’s reservoirs (using the Karatomar and Verkhne-Tobol reservoirs as examples). In this study, the bathymetry of the Karatomar reservoir was obtained using an Apache 3 drone. Kriging methods were used to study the relationship between modeling accuracy and line frequency. Reservoir models were built in QGIS and Surfe. Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and data from the Kazvodkhoz Agency (Kazvodkhoz) were used for shoreline analysis. The study resulted in an algorithm for determining the density (pitch) of hydrodrone lines for modern bottom geomorphology. The research showed that the accuracy of surveys of even lowland hydraulic structures in Kazakhstan significantly depends on the field survey parameters, and the hydraulic structures themselves have undergone significant changes over the course of their operation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.