kaz29Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университетаHerald of the Kazakh-British Technical University1998-66882959-8109Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет10.55452/1998-6688-2025-22-1-318-329kaz29-1758Research ArticleФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИPHYSICAL SCIENCESМИКРОВОЛНОВАЯ ОБРАБОТКА КОФЕЙНЫХ ОТХОДОВ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРИСТЫХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В КРЕМНИЙ-УГЛЕРОДНЫХ АНОДАХ ЛИТИЙ-ИОННЫХ АККУМУЛЯТОРОВMICROWAVE PROCESSING OF COFFEE WASTE TO PRODUCE POROUS CARBON MATERIALS AND THEIR USE IN SILICON-CARBON ANODES OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIEShttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-5211-6098ДүйсенбекӘ. Н.DuisenbekA.

 докторант 

 г. Алматы 

 Doctoral student 

Almaty

 

aselka_star@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-6015БейсеноваЕ. Е.BeissenovaE.

 PhD 

 г. Алматы 

 PhD 

Almaty

mamyrbayeva.e@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-7693БейсеновР. Е.BeissenovR.

 PhD 

 г. Алматы 

 PhD 

Almaty

renat7787@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8998-0409АсқарұлыК.AskarulyK.

 PhD 

 г. Алматы 

PhD 

Almaty

k.askaruly@gmail.comКазНИТУ им. К. И. Сатпаева; Институт проблем горения; Казахстанско-Британский технический университетКазахстанKazNRTU named after K.I. Satbayev; Institute of Combustion ProblemsKazakhstanКазНИТУ им. К. И. Сатпаева; Институт проблем горенияРоссияKazNRTU named after K.I. Satbayev; Institute of Combustion ProblemsRussian FederationИнститут проблем горения; Казахстанско-Британский технический университетРоссияInstitute of Combustion Problems; Kazakh-British Technical UniversityRussian FederationКазНИТУ им. К. И. Сатпаева; Институт проблем горения; Алматинский университет энергетики и связи им. Г. ДаукееваРоссияKazNRTU named after K.I. Satbayev; Institute of Combustion Problems; G. Daukeev Almaty University of Energy and CommunicationsRussian Federation202527032025221318329Copyright © Дүйсенбек Ә.Н., Бейсенова Е.Е., Бейсенов Р.Е., Асқарұлы К., 20252025Дүйсенбек Ә.Н., Бейсенова Е.Е., Бейсенов Р.Е., Асқарұлы К.Duisenbek A., Beissenova E., Beissenov R., Askaruly K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/1758

В данной работе представлен синтез композитного анодного материала для литий-ионных аккумуляторов, состоящего из графеноподобного углерода, полученного из кофейных отходов и кремния. Углеродный материал был синтезирован путем микроволновой карбонизации и физической активации с использованием CO₂. Этот метод дает пористую структуру с исключительной удельной площадью поверхности 1300 м²/г после физической активации. Такая пористая структура имеет решающее значение для эффективной адсорбции литий-ионов, высокой передачи заряда и улучшения общей производительности аккумулятора. Морфология и структура материала были проанализированы с помощью СЭМ и спектроскопии Рамана, что подтвердило образование высокопористого графеноподобного углерода. Электрохимическая характеристика продемонстрировала удельную емкость 350 мАч/г в течение 160 циклов, что указывает на превосходную долгосрочную стабильность. Кулоновская эффективность оставалась на уровне 98–100%, демонстрируя высокую обратимость электрохимических реакций. Электрохимическая импедансная спектроскопия выявила умеренное сопротивление переносу заряда 550 Ом для композитного материала, что подчеркивает эффективный перенос электронов между материалом и электролитом. Эти результаты подчеркивают потенциал карбонизации с помощью микроволн и физической активации CO₂ для производства высокопроизводительных, экономически эффективных анодных материалов, что открывает путь для их применения в литий-ионных аккумуляторах следующего поколения.

This paper presents the synthesis of a composite anode material for lithium-ion batteries consisting of graphenelike carbon obtained from coffee waste and silicon. The carbon material was synthesized by microwave carbonation and physical activation using CO₂. This method yields a porous structure with an exceptional specific surface area of 1300 m2/g after physical activation. Such a porous structure is crucial for efficient lithium-ion adsorption, high charge transfer, and improved overall battery performance. The morphology and structure of the material were analyzed using SEM and Raman spectroscopy, which confirmed the formation of highly porous graphenelike carbon. The electrochemical characteristic demonstrated a specific capacity of 350 mAh/g for 160 cycles, indicating excellent long-term stability. Coulomb efficiency remained at 98–100%, demonstrating high reversibility of electrochemical reactions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has revealed a moderate 550 ohm charge transfer resistance for the composite material, which highlights the efficient electron transfer between the material and the electrolyte. These results highlight the potential of microwave carbonation and physical activation of CO₂ to produce high-performance, cost-effective anode materials, paving the way for their application in next-generation lithium-ion batteries.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.