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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz29</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Казахстанско-Британского технического университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of the Kazakh-British Technical University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-6688</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-8109</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Британский Технический Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55452/1998-6688-2024-21-4-245-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz29-1556</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФОТОЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА НАНОСТРУКТУРИРОВАННОГО КРЕМНИЯ ДЛЯ СОЛНЕЧНОГО РАЗЛОЖЕНИЯ ВОДЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED SILICON FOR SOLAR WATER SPLITTING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-1678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калкозова</surname><given-names>Ж. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalkozova</surname><given-names>Zh. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассоц. профессор</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zh.kalkozova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0657-422X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мархабаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markhabayeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aiko_marx@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-4532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметкаримов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametkarimov</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассоц. профессор</p><p>г. Алматы</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.c.erzhan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6757-1041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерланұлы</surname><given-names>Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yerlanuly</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD</p><p>г. Алматы;</p><p>г. Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Almaty;</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yerlanuly@physics.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-6674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тулегенова</surname><given-names>А. T.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulegenova</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tulegenova.aida@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-2272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллин</surname><given-names>Х. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullin</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. физ.-мат. наук., профессор</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Phys.-Math.Sc., Professor</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kh.a.abdullin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-2719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нураже</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nuraje</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, профессор</p><p>г. Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nurxat.nuraje@nu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8933-2217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цао</surname><given-names>Ч. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cao</surname><given-names>C. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD</p><p>г. Сиань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Xian</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">caocd@nwpu.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладных наук и информационных технологий; Казахский национальный университет им. аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies; Al Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладных наук и информационных технологий; Назарбаев Университет<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies; Nazarbayev University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Назарбаев Университет<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nazarbayev University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный политехнический университет<country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Northwestern Polytechnical University<country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>245</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калкозова Ж.К., Мархабаева А.А., Мухаметкаримов Е.С., Ерланұлы Е., Тулегенова А.T., Абдуллин Х.А., Нураже Н., Цао Ч.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калкозова Ж.К., Мархабаева А.А., Мухаметкаримов Е.С., Ерланұлы Е., Тулегенова А.T., Абдуллин Х.А., Нураже Н., Цао Ч.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalkozova Z.K., Markhabayeva A.A., Mukhametkarimov Y.S., Yerlanuly Y., Tulegenova A.T., Abdullin K.A., Nuraje N., Cao C.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/1556">https://vestnik.kbtu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/1556</self-uri><abstract><p>Кремний, один из самых распространенных и экономически эффективных материалов на Земле, имеет значительные перспективы для применения в расщеплении воды и фотоэлектричестве благодаря своей подходящей ширине запрещенной зоны приблизительно 1,12 эВ, что позволяет поглощать ультрафиолетовый, видимый и инфракрасный свет. Однако высокая отражательная способность (~25%) плоских кремниевых пластин ограничивает его эффективность преобразования, что делает его менее эффективным для фотоэлектрохимических (ПЭК) процессов. Наноструктурирование поверхности кремния позволяет улучшить коэффициент поглощения света, снижает его сопротивление и повышает эффективность производства водорода. В этом исследовании мы изготовили наноструктурированные кремниевые фотоэлектроды с использованием метода химического травления с использованием металла (MACE). Полученные черные кремниевые (b-Si) электроды продемонстрировали превосходные возможности по- глощения света, что привело к значительному повышению плотности фототока. Примечательно, что b-Si фотоэлектроды достигли плотности фототока 800 мкА/см² при 0 В против RHE по сравнению с 200 мкА/см² для плоского кремния. Кроме того, b-Si электроды продемонстрировали превосходную долговременную стабильность при непрерывном освещении в течение 16 часов. Эти результаты подчеркивают потенциал наноструктурированного кремния как эффективного и стабильного материала для расщепления воды с помощью солнечной энергии и связанных с этим возобновляемых источников энергии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Silicon, one of the most abundant and cost-effective materials on Earth, holds significant promise for applications in water splitting and photovoltaics due to its suitable bandgap energy of approximately 1.12 eV, which allows absorption of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light. However, the high reflectivity (~25%) of flat silicon surfaces limits its conversion efficiency, making it less efficient for photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes. To address this, nanostructured silicon has emerged as a solution to enhance light absorption, reduce substrate resistance, and improve hydrogen production efficiency. In this study, we fabricated nanostructured silicon photoelectrodes using the metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) method. The resulting black silicon (b-Si) electrodes demonstrated superior light-harvesting capabilities, leading to significantly enhanced photocurrent densities. Notably, the b-Si photoelectrodes achieved a photocurrent density of 800 μA/cm² at 0V vs RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode), compared to 200 μA/cm² for planar silicon. Furthermore, the b-Si electrodes exhibited excellent long-term stability under continuous illumination for 16 hours. These results highlight the potential of nanostructured silicon as an efficient and stable material for solar-driven PEC water splitting and related renewable energy applications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наноструктурированный кремний</kwd><kwd>расщепление воды с помощью солнечной энергии</kwd><kwd>черный кремний</kwd><kwd>химическое травление с использованием металла</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanostructured silicon</kwd><kwd>solar water splitting</kwd><kwd>black silicon</kwd><kwd>metal-assisted chemical etching</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The authors are thankful to Yerbolat Magazov and Vladislav Kudryashov from Nazarbayev University for getting SEM and EDS results. This research has been funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Grant № AP23488569 and BR21882439, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China, Grant № D5000240307.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang W., et al. Strategies for enhancing the photocurrent, photovoltage, and stability of photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chemical Society Reviews, 2019, vol. 48, no. 19, pp. 4979–5015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang W., et al. Strategies for enhancing the photocurrent, photovoltage, and stability of photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. 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